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Di Indonesia, wayang merupakan salah satu kesenian yang sangat populer. Tidak hanya wayang kulit, ada beberapa kesenian wayang yang terkenal. Salah satunya adalah Wayang Golek dari Jawa Barat.

Apakah Wayang Golek itu?

Wayang Golek adalah salah satu kesenian wayang tradisional dari Jawa Barat. berbeda dengan kesenian wayang di pulau jawa lainnya yang menggunakan kulit dalam pembuatan wayangnya, Wayang Golek merupakan kesenian wayang yang terbuat dari kayu. Kesenian Wayang Golek ini sangat populer di Jawa Barat khususnya di wilayah tanah pasundan.

Menurut beberapa sumber, sejarah Wayang Golek di mulai pada abad 17. Pada awalnya, kesenian Wayang Golek muncul dan lahir di wilayah pesisir utara pulau jawa. menurut legenda, Sunan kudus menggunakan Wayang Golek ini untuk menyebarkan agama Islam di masyarakat. Pada masa itu, pertunjukan Wayang Golek masih menggunakan bahasa jawa dalam dialognya. Kesenian Wayang Golek ini mulai berkembang di Jawa Barat pada masa ekspansi kesultanan mataram. 

Wayang Golek mulai berkembang dengan bahasa sunda sebagai dialognya. Selain menjadi media penyebaran agama, Wayang Golek berfungsi untuk pelengkap acara syukuran atau ruwatan. Pada saat itu pertunjukan Wayang Golek masih tanpa menggunakan sinden sebagai pengiringnya. Wayang Golek mulai menggunakan iringan sinden pada 1920an. Hingga saat ini Wayang Golek terus berkembang sebagai hiburan bagi masyarakat terutama di tanah sunda.

Dalam pertunjukan Wayang Golek ini sama seperti pertunjukan wanyang lainnya, lakon dan cerita di mainkan oleh seorang dalang. Yang membedakan adalah bahasa pada dialog yang di bawakan adalah bahasa sunda. Pakem dan jalan cerita Wayang Golek juga sama dengan wayang kulit, contohnya pada cerita Ramayana dan Mahabarata. Namun yang membedakan adalah pada tokoh punakawan, penamaan dan bentuk dari punakawan memiliki versi tersendiri yaitu dalam versi sunda.

Selain cerita Ramayana dan mahabarata, ada juga cerita dan lakon carangan. Dalam cerita carangan ini dalang membuat sendiri alur cerita yang biasanya diambil dari cerita rakyat atau kehidupan sehari – hari. dalam cerita carangan biasanya mengandung pesan moral, kritikan, humor dan lain – lain. Dalam cerita carangan tidak hanya di gunakan untuk mengembangkan cerita, namun juga untuk mengukur kualitas dalang dalam membuat cerita. Dalam pertunjukan Wayang Golek ini selain di iringi dengan sinden juga diiringi dengan gamelan sunda diantaranya seperti saron, peking, selantem, boning, boning rincik, kenong, gong, rebab, gambang kempul, kendang indung dan kulanter.

Dalam perkembangannya, Wayang Golek tetap menjadi salah satu kesenian tradisional kebanggan masyarakat Jawa Barat. Terbukti Wayang Golek tetap mewarnai berabagai acara seperti ruwatan, syukuran dan acara besar lainnya. Selain itu, beberapa seniman tetap mengembangkannya dengan beberapa kreasi tambahan agar terlihat menarik dan tetap lestari tanpa menghilangkan pakem di dalamnya.

Nah cukup sekian pengenalan tentang “Wayang Golek kesenian tradisional dari Jawa Barat”. semoga dapat bermanfaat dan menambah pengetahuan anda tentang kesenian tradisional di Indonesia.

Source :

http://www.negerikuindonesia.com/2015/05/wayang-golek-kesenian-tradisional-dari.html

Translated by Google Translate :

In Indonesia, wayang is one of the most popular art. Not only wayang kulit, there are some famous wayang art. One of them is Wayang Golek from West Java.

What is a Wayang Golek?      

Wayang Golek is one of the traditional wayang art from West Java. in contrast to the wayang art in other Javanese islands that use the skin in the making of wayang, Wayang Golek is a puppet art made of wood. Puppet Art Golek is very popular in West Java, especially in the land area pasundan.       

According to some sources, the history of Wayang Golek began in the 17th century. In the beginning, Wayang Golek art emerged and was born in the northern coastal area of ​​Java island. according to legend, Sunan is holy to use this Golek Puppet to spread Islam in society. At that time, the Wayang Golek show still uses Javanese language in its dialogue. This Wayang Golek art began to develop in West Java during the expansion of the sultanate of Mataram.

Wayang Golek began to develop with Sundanese language as its dialogue. In addition to being a medium for the spread of religion, Wayang Golek serves to complement syukuran or ruwatan event. At that time the Wayang Golek show was still without using sinden as his escort. Wayang Golek started using sinden accompaniment in the 1920s. Until now Puppet Golek continues to grow as entertainment for the community, especially in the land of Sunda.

In this Wayang Golek show is the same as other wanyang performances, plays and stories played by a dalang. What distinguishes is the language in the dialogue that is brought in Sundanese language. Pakem and the storyline of Wayang Golek are also the same as wayang kulit, for example on Ramayana and Mahabarata stories. But the difference is in the figures of punakawan, naming and form of punakawan has its own version that is in the Sundanese version.    

In addition to Ramayana and mahabarata stories, there are also stories and carangan plays. In this carangan story the puppeteer makes his own plot which is usually taken from folklore or daily life. in story carangan usually contains a moral message, criticism, humor and others - others. In story carangan not only used to develop the story, but also to measure the quality of the puppeteer in making the story. In this Wayang Golek show other than in accompanied by sinden also accompanied by Sundanese gamelan such as saron, peking, selantem, boning, boning rincik, kenong, gong, rebab, gambang kempul, kendang indung and kulanter.           

In its development, Wayang Golek remains one of the traditional arts of West Java people pride. Proven Wayang Golek still coloring various events such as Ruwatan, thanksgiving and other big events. In addition, some artists continue to develop it with some additional creations to look attractive and stay sustainable without losing the grip inside.

Well enough so much the introduction of "Wayang Golek traditional arts from West Java". hopefully can be useful and increase your knowledge about traditional arts in Indonesia.

Word anlysis :

1. Wayang golek                      : This words is not changed after translated by google translate, because in  the world, people was know about wayang golek, but sometime wayang golek also called golek puppet. Wayang golek is one of famous traditional art from West Java, Indonesia.

2. Ruwatan or syukuran        : This word is not changed after translated by google translate, because ruwatan come from special word that only use in java people, ruwatan means traditional ceremony for thanksgiving.

3. Sinden                                   : This word is not changed after translated by google translate, because sinden is traditional singer that sing with javanese language. This word is only use in indonesia, so google does not detect this word.

4. Pakem                                   : This word is not changed after translated by google translate, because this word is traditional word that google does not know and cannot detect so google cannot translate this word. Pakem means tranditional roles or behaviour on native people that always do from many years ago.

5. Caragan                                : This word is not changed after translated by google translate, because this word come from traditional word that google does not know and cannot detect this word. Caragan means astory role play in trandional art, wayang golek.

6. gamelan, saron, peking, selantem, boning, boning rincik, kenong, gong, rebab, gambang kempul, kendang indung and kulanter : those words are not changed  after translated by google translated because those word are tranditional word and only indonesia people know so that google cannot translated. Those are material to support sinden sing a traditional song.